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- <text id=89TT0363>
- <link 90TT1496>
- <link 89TT3380>
- <title>
- Feb. 06, 1989: One Man, One Vote, One Mess
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Feb. 06, 1989 Armed America
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 48
- SOVIET UNION
- One Man, One Vote, One Mess
- </hdr><body>
- <p>The country's first contested elections bring confusion and
- conflict
- </p>
- <p>By Paul Hofheinz/Moscow
- </p>
- <p> On a drizzly Sunday morning, more than 1,400 people jammed
- into a run-down 660-seat auditorium in the Cinematographers
- Union building in Moscow. Elderly men with flowing beards, their
- chests covered with World War II decorations, pressed against
- the walls while young activists scurried up and down the aisles
- distributing pink cards to eligible voters. On the podium sat
- a frail man, his bald head glistening in the light. Andrei
- Sakharov, 67, cleared his throat and began reading. "My
- political program has been formed over the years," he said.
- "Unconditional release of all political prisoners . . ." The
- crowd erupted in stormy applause.
- </p>
- <p> Muscovites had gathered not just to hear Sakharov speak (an
- event that would have been unthinkable only three years ago)
- but also to nominate the respected dissident as their candidate
- for the Congress of People's Deputies, a new 2,250-member
- legislative body that will convene in April. "Never, never did
- I think it would lead to this," marveled a young man. "Sakharov
- a deputy to the Supreme Soviet. Who could have imagined?"
- </p>
- <p> Imagination remains in order, since last week the Soviet
- Union completed only the initial stage of a dizzyingly complex
- election campaign, the first contested balloting in the
- country's history. Although the period for proposing candidates
- ended last Tuesday, potential nominees must still pass through
- a maze of ill-defined voter meetings before they win a spot on
- the March 26 ballot.
- </p>
- <p> Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev hopes the more open
- method of selecting candidates will provide a jolt for his
- lagging reforms. As he explained during the Supreme Soviet that
- convened in November to approve the procedures, "If we do not
- carry out a political reform to back up the processes that are
- now under way in the economy, the restructuring drive will
- inevitably begin to falter."
- </p>
- <p> For the Soviets, the new system is nothing less than
- revolutionary. Instead of being presented with the name of a
- single party-approved candidate, voters will pick from a slate
- of several nominees. Moreover, the elections will be conducted
- by secret ballot. But because of the complex, overlapping rules,
- the route from nomination to election is difficult to understand
- and often seems open to manipulation. The new law makes
- nominating candidates so confusing that some sessions have
- degenerated into brawls as factions accused one another of
- exploiting the fuzzy regulations to rig the outcome.
- </p>
- <p> At a gathering called two weeks ago to nominate Vitali
- Korotich, editor of the pro-glasnost weekly Ogonyok, the
- candidate's backers fell into a fistfight with members of the
- ultra-right nationalist group Pamyat. Arriving at the
- rescheduled meeting last week, supporters of the Ogonyok editor
- found that militiamen had sealed the hall. Fearing that
- right-wingers were trying to exclude them from the meeting,
- Korotich supporters broke down a fence and stormed the building.
- </p>
- <p> Elsewhere, public organizations met to select the
- candidates for the 750 seats that will be allotted to them in
- the new parliament. To the surprise of some members of the
- organizations, the groups elected a decidedly conservative slate
- of delegates. Many well-known perestroika supporters were passed
- over. The writers' union failed to nominate poet Yevgeny
- Yevtushenko, and the Academy of Sciences turned down physicist
- Roald Sagdeyev, whose calls for more perestroika have made him
- an increasingly popular figure.
- </p>
- <p> As news spread that the social organizations were not
- backing the more radical proponents of perestroika, local groups
- formed in regular electoral districts to nominate many of those
- who had been passed over. After the Communist Party left former
- Moscow party leader Boris Yeltsin off its list of 100
- candidates, 22 voters' groups around the country moved to draft
- him as their representative.Sakharov was nominated by an
- anti-Stalinist group at last week's session in the
- Cinematographers Union building, but only after the Academy of
- Sciences failed to select him.
- </p>
- <p> Amid the confusion, candidates found themselves pitted
- against unexpected opponents. Voters who gathered in support of
- Sakharov learned that they may have nominated the human-rights
- activist to stand against maverick Communist Yeltsin. "It seems
- a waste," said a disgruntled voter. "Why do they have to run
- against each other?" Both candidates can still choose from
- several nominations, so a confrontation between the two is not
- inevitable. And whatever the shortcomings of the system, most
- voters seem to find the new procedures exhilarating. "At least
- we have some say in who will lead us," noted a 63-year-old
- Soviet who has participated in every election since 1947. "In
- the past, we didn't have any."
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-